目 錄
第1 章 緒論 ·······························································································.1
1.1 海底地聲參數(shù)反演的研究意義 ·······························································.1
1.2 研究歷史與現(xiàn)狀 ·················································································.3
1.2.1 國內外聲學實驗的歷史與現(xiàn)狀 ······················································.4
1.2.2 海底地聲參數(shù)反演的研究歷史與現(xiàn)狀 ·············································.8
1.3 本書內容結構 ··················································································.16
第2 章 水聲學理論基礎 ···············································································.18
2.1 概述 ······························································································.18
2.2 水聲學基本概念 ···············································································.18
2.2.1 海水聲速 ···············································································.18
2.2.2 海水的聲吸收 ·········································································.19
2.2.3 海底邊界特性 ·········································································.19
2.3 常用聲傳播模型介紹 ·········································································.22
2.3.1 波動方程 ···············································································.22
2.3.2 射線模型 ···············································································.24
2.3.3 簡正波模型 ············································································.25
2.3.4 拋物方程模型 ·········································································.27
2.4 沉積物聲傳播 ··················································································.28
2.4.1 流體模型 ···············································································.29
2.4.2 彈性固體模型 ·········································································.31
2.4.3 多孔彈性介質模型 ···································································.31
2.4.4 等效密度流體近似模型 ·····························································.34
2.4.5 典型海底模型 ·········································································.36
2.5 分層海底對聲傳播的影響 ···································································.37
2.5.1 半空間海底 ············································································.37
2.5.2 雙層海底 ···············································································.40
本章小結 ·······························································································.45
第3 章 反演理論基礎 ··················································································.46
3.1 概述 ······························································································.46
3.2 確定性海底地聲參數(shù)反演理論與方法 ···················································.46
3.2.1 點估計反演基本理論 ································································.46
3.2.2 代價函數(shù)的選擇 ······································································.46
3.2.3 優(yōu)化算法 ···············································································.47
3.3 隨機性海底地聲參數(shù)反演理論與方法 ···················································.53
3.3.1 貝葉斯反演基本理論 ································································.53
3.3.2 采樣算法 ···············································································.56
本章小結 ·······························································································.60
第4 章 基于聲壓場的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ····················································.61
4.1 概述 ······························································································.61
4.2 基于深海聲影區(qū)聲傳播損失數(shù)據(jù)的貝葉斯反演方法 ·································.61
4.2.1 反演算法原理 ·········································································.61
4.2.2 實驗設置與水文環(huán)境 ································································.62
4.2.3 單頻點反演 ············································································.63
4.2.4 多頻點反演 ············································································.65
4.3 海底地聲參數(shù)和聲源位置參數(shù)的同時求解 ·············································.68
4.3.1 淺海海底地聲參數(shù)和聲源位置參數(shù)的同時求解 ·······························.68
4.3.2 深海海底地聲參數(shù)和聲源位置參數(shù)的同時求解 ·······························.72
本章小結 ·······························································································.73
第5 章 基于海底反射特性的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ···········································.75
5.1 概述 ······························································································.75
5.2 基于深海可靠聲路徑海底聲反射損失的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ··················.75
5.2.1 均勻海底的聲反射損失和深海聲傳播特性分析 ·······························.76
5.2.2 分層海底的聲反射損失和深海聲傳播特性分析 ·······························.79
5.2.3 海底地聲參數(shù)反演 ···································································.81
5.3 基于深海聲影區(qū)海底聲反射損失的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ························.84
5.3.1 深海聲影區(qū)海底反射波對聲傳播損失的影響 ··································.85
5.3.2 深海聲影區(qū)聲傳播實驗設置和聲傳播特性分析 ·······························.86
5.3.3 深海聲影區(qū)海底聲反射損失實驗數(shù)據(jù)的提取 ··································.88
5.3.4 海底地聲參數(shù)反演 ···································································.89
5.4 基于海底聲反射損失的貝葉斯反演方法 ················································.91
5.4.1 海底聲反射損失的計算方法 ·······················································.91
5.4.2 海底聲反射損失實驗數(shù)據(jù)的提取 ·················································.92
5.4.3 利用貝葉斯反演方法獲得海底地聲參數(shù) ········································.95
5.5 基于海底聲反射多途時延的貝葉斯反演方法 ·········································.101
5.5.1 海底聲反射多途時延的計算方法 ················································.101
5.5.2 貝葉斯反演方法和后驗推斷算法 ················································.102
5.5.3 實驗數(shù)據(jù)驗證 ········································································.104
本章小結 ······························································································.108
第6 章 基于簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ································.109
6.1 概述 ·····························································································.109
6.2 簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線的分離和提取 ·····················································.109
6.2.1 利用Warping 變換分離各階簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線 ···························.110
6.2.2 利用Hough 變換提取各階簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線 ·····························.111
6.2.3 典型淺海波導環(huán)境中的簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線仿真分離 ·····················.112
6.3 基于簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線的近距離單聲源海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ··············.115
6.3.1 代價函數(shù)分析 ········································································.115
6.3.2 參數(shù)敏感性分析 ·····································································.115
6.3.3 實驗數(shù)據(jù)分析 ········································································.117
6.3.4 近距離單聲源海底地聲參數(shù)的反演結果 ·······································.119
6.3.5 反演結果驗證 ········································································.121
6.4 基于簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線的遠距離雙聲源海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ··············.122
6.4.1 代價函數(shù)分析 ········································································.123
6.4.2 參數(shù)敏感性分析 ·····································································.124
6.4.3 實驗數(shù)據(jù)分析 ········································································.125
6.4.4 遠距離雙聲源海底地聲參數(shù)反演結果 ··········································.127
6.4.5 反演結果驗證 ········································································.128
6.5 距離變化條件下基于簡正波模態(tài)頻散曲線的雙聲源海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ····.130
6.6 基于簡正波模態(tài)能量的海底衰減系數(shù)反演方法 ······································.134
6.6.1 反演算法原理和結果 ·······························································.134
6.6.2 反演結果驗證 ········································································.135
本章小結 ······························································································.137
第7 章 基于海底混響特性的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ·········································.138
7.1 概述 ·····························································································.138
7.2 基于深海海底混響強度隨時間衰減規(guī)律的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ··············.138
7.2.1 深海海底混響強度模型的建立 ···················································.139
7.2.2 深海海底混響強度對海底地聲參數(shù)的敏感性分析 ···························.142
7.2.3 實驗數(shù)據(jù)分析 ········································································.144
7.2.4 海底地聲參數(shù)的反演 ·······························································.145
7.3 基于深海海底混響信號統(tǒng)計-物理特性的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ················.153
7.3.1 深海海底混響信號的統(tǒng)計特性 ···················································.153
7.3.2 深海海底混響時域信號的仿真 ···················································.160
7.3.3 海底地聲參數(shù)的反演 ·······························································.162
本章小結 ······························································································.165
第8 章 基于艦船輻射噪聲的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ·········································.166
8.1 概述 ·····························································································.166
8.2 基于艦船輻射噪聲的時頻聯(lián)合海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ·····························.166
8.2.1 海底剖面聲層析 ·····································································.167
8.2.2 海底地聲參數(shù)反演 ··································································.169
8.3 基于近距離艦船輻射噪聲的海底地聲參數(shù)反演方法 ································.173
8.3.1 環(huán)境噪聲與近距離艦船輻射噪聲垂直相干性的提取 ························.174
8.3.2 并行回火的跨維采樣算法與自回歸殘差模型 ·································.178
8.3.3 反演結果分析 ········································································.179
本章小結 ······························································································.184
第9 章 海底地聲參數(shù)連續(xù)反演方法 ······························································.186
9.1 概述 ·····························································································.186
9.2 序貫貝葉斯濾波理論基礎 ··································································.186
9.2.1 狀態(tài)空間模型 ········································································.186
9.2.2 卡爾曼濾波 ···········································································.187
9.2.3 序貫貝葉斯濾波算法在海底地聲參數(shù)連續(xù)反演中的應用 ··················.188
9.3 基于集合卡爾曼-粒子濾波算法的海底地聲參數(shù)連續(xù)反演方法 ···················.190
9.3.1 理論分析 ··············································································.190
9.3.2 仿真性能分析 ········································································.192
9.3.3 實驗數(shù)據(jù)處理 ········································································.196
9.4 基于自適應粒子濾波算法的海底地聲參數(shù)連續(xù)反演方法 ··························.202
9.4.1 理論分析 ··············································································.202
9.4.2 實驗驗證以及與歷史數(shù)據(jù)的對比 ················································.204
9.4.3 與其他方法的連續(xù)反演結果對比 ················································.211
本章小結 ······························································································.212
參考文獻 ···································································································.213