Project 1 An Overview of Computers 1
Unit 1 Basic Cognition of Computers 1
1.1.1 Definition and Functions of Computers 1
1.1.2 Components of a Computer 2
Words and Phrases 2
Exercises 3
Unit 2 Classification of Computers 4
1.2.1 Classification by Scale 4
1.2.2 Classification by Purpose 6
Words and Phrases 7
Exercises 8
Project 2 Computer Hardware 9
Unit 1 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 9
2.1.1 What is the Central Processing Unit (CPU)? 9
2.1.2 The main parameters of the CPU 16
Words and Phrases 17
Exercises 19
Unit 2 Memory 21
2.2.1 Definition and Classification of Memory 21
2.2.2 Performance Indicators of Memory 23
Words and Phrases 24
Exercises 25
Unit 3 Motherboard 25
2.3.1 Introduction to the Motherboard 25
2.3.2 Composition of the Motherboard 26
Words and Phrases 29
Exercises 30
Unit 4 Storage Devices 31
2.4.1 Hard Disk 31
2.4.2 Optical Discs and Optical Disc Drives 32
2.4.3 Mobile Storage Devices 33
Words and Phrases 34
Exercises 36
Unit 5 I/O Devices 37
2.5.1 Input Devices 37
2.5.2 Output Devices 38
Words and Phrases 39
Exercises 40
Unit 6 Other Hardware Devices 41
2.6.1 Graphics Card 41
2.6.2 Sound Card 42
2.6.3 Network Card 42
Words and Phrases 43
Exercises 43
Project 3 Computer Software 45
Unit 1 Introduction to Computer Software 45
3.1.1 Definition of Software 45
3.1.2 Characteristics of Software 45
3.1.3 Classification of Software 45
Words and Phrases 46
Exercises 47
Unit 2 System Software 48
3.2.1 Operating System (OS) 48
3.2.2 Database Management System (DBMS) 52
3.2.3 System Utility Programs 53
3.2.4 Device Drivers 54
3.2.5 Programming Languages and Compilation Systems 54
Words and Phrases 56
Exercises 58
Unit 3 Application Software 59
3.3.1 General-purpose Software 59
3.3.2 Special-purpose Software 61
Words and Phrases 62
Exercises 64
Project 4 Computer Networks 66
Unit 1 Fundamentals of Computer Networks 66
4.1.1 Overview of Computer Networks 66
4.1.2 Network Topology Structures 67
4.1.3 Classification of Networks 77
4.1.4 Network Addresses 79
4.1.5 Computer Network Architecture 80
Words and Phrases 84
Exercises 85
Unit 2 Principles of Network Communication 88
4.2.1 Basic Concepts of Data Communication 88
4.2.2 Basic Principles of Network Communication 89
4.2.3 Network Communication Protocols 90
Words and Phrases 92
Exercises 94
Unit 3 Network Devices and Technologies 96
4.3.1 Network Devices 96
4.3.2 Local Area Network Technologies 98
4.3.3 Wide Area Network Technologies 99
Words and Phrases 101
Exercises 102
Unit 4 Network Security 105
4.4.1 Overview of Network Security 105
4.4.2 Network Security Threats 107
4.4.3 Network Security Protection 109
Words and Phrases 110
Exercises 112
翻 譯
項目1 計算機概述 115
單元1 計算機基礎(chǔ)認知 115
1.1.1 計算機的定義與功能 115
1.1.2 計算機的組成 116
單元2 計算機分類 116
1.2.1 按規(guī)模分類 116
1.2.2 按用途分類 117
項目2 計算機硬件 118
單元1 中央處理器（CPU） 118
2.1.1 什么是中央處理器（CPU）? 118
2.1.2 中央處理器的主要參數(shù) 122
單元2 內(nèi)存 123
2.2.1 內(nèi)存的定義與分類 123
2.2.2 內(nèi)存的性能指標 125
單元3 主板 126
2.3.1 主板的簡介 126
2.3.2 主板的組成 126
單元4 存儲設(shè)備 128
2.4.1 硬盤 128
2.4.2 光盤與光驅(qū) 128
2.4.3 移動存儲設(shè)備 129
單元5 輸入/輸出設(shè)備 130
2.5.1 輸入設(shè)備 130
2.5.2 輸出設(shè)備 130
單元6 其他硬件設(shè)備 131
2.6.1 顯卡 131
2.6.2 聲卡 131
2.6.3 網(wǎng)卡 132
項目3 計算機軟件 133
單元1 計算機軟件概論 133
3.1.1 軟件的定義 133
3.1.2 軟件的特點 133
3.1.3 軟件的分類 133
單元2 系統(tǒng)軟件 134
3.2.1 操作系統(tǒng)（OS） 134
3.2.2 數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)（DBMS） 136
3.2.3 系統(tǒng)實用程序 137
3.2.4 設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序 138
3.2.5 程序設(shè)計語言與編譯系統(tǒng) 138
單元3 應(yīng)用軟件 140
3.3.1 通用軟件 140
3.3.2 專用軟件 141
項目4 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò) 143
單元1 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ) 143
4.1.1 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)概述 143
4.1.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu) 144
4.1.3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)的分類 149
4.1.4 網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址 151
4.1.5 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu) 151
單元2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信原理 154
4.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)通信的基本概念 154
4.2.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信的基本原理 155
4.2.3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議 156
單元3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備與技術(shù) 157
4.3.1 網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備 157
4.3.2 局域網(wǎng)技術(shù) 158
4.3.3 廣域網(wǎng)技術(shù) 159