目錄

1. 引言............................................................................................................................................1
1.1《項(xiàng)目集管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的目的..........................................................................................2
1.2 什么是項(xiàng)目集？..............................................................................................................3
1.2.1 項(xiàng)目集啟動(dòng)..........................................................................................................6
1.2.2 項(xiàng)目組合、項(xiàng)目集和項(xiàng)目之間的關(guān)系............................................................7
1.3 什么是項(xiàng)目集管理？......................................................................................................8
1.4 項(xiàng)目組合、項(xiàng)目集和項(xiàng)目管理之間的關(guān)系以及它們?cè)诮M織級(jí)項(xiàng)目管理 (OPM) 中的角色........................................................................10
1.4.1 項(xiàng)目組合、項(xiàng)目集和項(xiàng)目管理之間的交互..................................................12
1.4.2 項(xiàng)目集管理與項(xiàng)目組合管理之間的關(guān)系......................................................12
1.4.3 項(xiàng)目集管理與項(xiàng)目管理之間的關(guān)系...............................................................12
1.5 組織戰(zhàn)略、項(xiàng)目集管理和運(yùn)營(yíng)管理之間的關(guān)系......................................................14
1.6 商業(yè)價(jià)值.........................................................................................................................15
1.7 項(xiàng)目集經(jīng)理的角色........................................................................................................16
1.7.1 項(xiàng)目集經(jīng)理的能力............................................................................................17
1.8 項(xiàng)目集發(fā)起人的角色....................................................................................................20
1.9 項(xiàng)目集管理辦公室的角色............................................................................................20

2. 項(xiàng)目集管理績(jī)效領(lǐng)域.............................................................................................................23
2.1 項(xiàng)目集管理績(jī)效領(lǐng)域的定義.......................................................................................24
2.2 項(xiàng)目集管理績(jī)效領(lǐng)域的交互.......................................................................................25
2.3 組織戰(zhàn)略、項(xiàng)目組合管理和項(xiàng)目集管理的聯(lián)系......................................................26
2.4 項(xiàng)目組合和項(xiàng)目集的區(qū)別............................................................................................26
2.5 項(xiàng)目集和項(xiàng)目的區(qū)別....................................................................................................28
2.5.1 不確定性............................................................................................................28
2.5.2 管理變更............................................................................................................29
2.5.3 復(fù)雜性.................................................................................................................31

3. 項(xiàng)目集戰(zhàn)略一致性.................................................................................................................33
3.1 項(xiàng)目集商業(yè)論證............................................................................................................35
3.2 項(xiàng)目集章程.....................................................................................................................36
3.3 項(xiàng)目集路線圖................................................................................................................36
3.4 環(huán)境評(píng)估.........................................................................................................................38
3.4.1 事業(yè)環(huán)境因素....................................................................................................38
3.4.2 環(huán)境分析............................................................................................................39
3.5 項(xiàng)目集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理戰(zhàn)略....................................................................................................41
3.5.1 戰(zhàn)略一致性的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理...................................................................................41
3.5.2 項(xiàng)目集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)臨界值............................................................................................41
3.5.3 項(xiàng)目集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)初步評(píng)估........................................................................................42
3.5.4 項(xiàng)目集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)戰(zhàn)略........................................................................................42

4. 項(xiàng)目集效益管理.....................................................................................................................43
4.1 效益識(shí)別.........................................................................................................................46
4.1.1 效益登記冊(cè)........................................................................................................47
4.2 效益分析和規(guī)劃............................................................................................................48
4.2.1 效益管理計(jì)劃....................................................................................................50
4.2.2 效益管理和項(xiàng)目集路線圖...............................................................................50
4.2.3 效益登記冊(cè)更新................................................................................................50
4.3 效益交付.........................................................................................................................51
4.3.1 效益和項(xiàng)目集組件............................................................................................52
4.3.2 效益和項(xiàng)目集治理............................................................................................52
4.4 效益移交.........................................................................................................................53
4.5 效益維持.........................................................................................................................55

5. 項(xiàng)目集相關(guān)方參與.................................................................................................................57
5.1 項(xiàng)目集相關(guān)方識(shí)別........................................................................................................60
5.2 項(xiàng)目集相關(guān)方分析........................................................................................................62
5.3 項(xiàng)目集相關(guān)方參與規(guī)劃................................................................................................63
5.4 項(xiàng)目集相關(guān)方參與........................................................................................................64
5.5 項(xiàng)目集相關(guān)方溝通........................................................................................................66

6. 項(xiàng)目集治理..............................................................................................................................67
6.1 項(xiàng)目集治理實(shí)踐............................................................................................................70
6.1.1 項(xiàng)目集治理計(jì)劃................................................................................................70
6.1.2 項(xiàng)目集治理和愿景與目標(biāo)...............................................................................71
6.1.3 項(xiàng)目集批準(zhǔn)、支持和定義...............................................................................72
6.1.4 項(xiàng)目集成功標(biāo)準(zhǔn)................................................................................................72
6.1.5 項(xiàng)目集監(jiān)督、報(bào)告和控制...............................................................................72
6.1.6 項(xiàng)目集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和問題治理...................................................................................73
6.1.7 項(xiàng)目集質(zhì)量治理................................................................................................74
6.1.8 項(xiàng)目集變更治理................................................................................................74
6.1.9 項(xiàng)目集治理審查................................................................................................75
6.1.10 項(xiàng)目集定期健康檢查......................................................................................76
6.1.11 項(xiàng)目集組件啟動(dòng)和移交.................................................................................76
6.1.12 項(xiàng)目集收尾......................................................................................................78
6.2 項(xiàng)目集治理角色............................................................................................................78
6.2.1 項(xiàng)目集發(fā)起人....................................................................................................80
6.2.2 項(xiàng)目集指導(dǎo)委員會(huì)............................................................................................81
6.2.3 項(xiàng)目集管理辦公室............................................................................................82
6.2.4 項(xiàng)目集經(jīng)理........................................................................................................83
6.2.5 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理............................................................................................................84
6.2.6 其他相關(guān)方........................................................................................................85
6.3 項(xiàng)目集治理的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施............................................................................................85

7. 項(xiàng)目集生命周期管理.............................................................................................................89
7.1 項(xiàng)目集生命周期............................................................................................................89
7.1.1 項(xiàng)目集生命周期階段概述...............................................................................90
7.1.2 項(xiàng)目集定義階段................................................................................................91
7.1.3 項(xiàng)目集交付階段................................................................................................95
7.1.4 項(xiàng)目集收尾階段................................................................................................97
7.2 項(xiàng)目集活動(dòng)與整合管理................................................................................................98
7.2.1 項(xiàng)目集活動(dòng)概述................................................................................................98
7.2.2 項(xiàng)目集整合管理................................................................................................99
7.2.3 項(xiàng)目集生命周期與項(xiàng)目集活動(dòng)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系................................................103

8. 項(xiàng)目集活動(dòng)............................................................................................................................105
8.1 項(xiàng)目集定義階段活動(dòng)..................................................................................................106
8.1.1 項(xiàng)目集構(gòu)建階段活動(dòng)..............................................................................................106
8.1.2 項(xiàng)目集規(guī)劃階段活動(dòng)......................................................................................110
8.2 項(xiàng)目集交付階段活動(dòng)..................................................................................................124
8.2.1 項(xiàng)目集變更監(jiān)督與控制.................................................................................125
8.2.2 項(xiàng)目集溝通管理..............................................................................................125
8.2.3 項(xiàng)目集財(cái)務(wù)管理..............................................................................................127
8.2.4 項(xiàng)目集信息管理..............................................................................................130
8.2.5 項(xiàng)目集采購(gòu)管理..............................................................................................131
8.2.6 項(xiàng)目集質(zhì)量保證與控制.................................................................................132
8.2.7 項(xiàng)目集資源管理..............................................................................................133
8.2.8 項(xiàng)目集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)督與控制.................................................................................134
8.2.9 項(xiàng)目集進(jìn)度監(jiān)督與控制.................................................................................136
8.2.10 項(xiàng)目集范圍監(jiān)督與控制...............................................................................137
8.3 項(xiàng)目集收尾階段活動(dòng)..................................................................................................138
8.3.1 項(xiàng)目集財(cái)務(wù)收尾..............................................................................................139
8.3.2 項(xiàng)目集信息存檔與移交.................................................................................139
8.3.3 項(xiàng)目集采購(gòu)收尾..............................................................................................140
8.3.4 項(xiàng)目集資源移交..............................................................................................140
8.3.5 項(xiàng)目集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理移交......................................................................................140

參考文獻(xiàn)....................................................................................................................................141

附錄 X1 第四版變更................................................................................................................................143
附錄 X2 第四版《項(xiàng)目集管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》編審人員..................................................................................157
術(shù)語表（英文排序）...............................................................................................................163
術(shù)語表（中文排序）...............................................................................................................168
索引............................................................................................................................................173